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In Case of Contact
A field guide

In Case
of Contact

A Field Guide to UAP, Extraterrestrial Claims & the Disclosure Era

The handbook you hope you never need.

VERIFY > ASSUME
Open the file
Footage FLIR1 footage (video, 76 s). Official release. Tap play. Muted, no audio. U.S. Navy / U.S. Department of Defense. Public domain (U.S. federal government work). Via Wikimedia Commons.
Official recordread in source

In its April 27, 2020 statement the Department of Defense said the Navy had acknowledged these were real Navy videos, that their release revealed no sensitive capabilities, and that the phenomena in them remain characterized as unidentified.

Where did this come from?
Source: Navy officially releases UFO/UAP videos, calls them historical (DoD statement of 27 Apr 2020 as reproduced), The Black Vault. Locator: reproduced DoD statement. Open the source. Evidence status: read in source. The cited source was read and says this. It was not independently checked against a primary record.

watch it twice.

Photo of the entrance sign at RAF Woodbridge, 1987
Place RAF Woodbridge entrance sign, March 1987. Place photo, not evidence of the event. SSgt. David S. Nolan, U.S. Air Force. DoD Defense Visual Information Center photo DF-ST-89-05332, March 1987. Public domain (U.S. federal government work). Via Wikimedia Commons.
Verified factread in source

Security patrolmen saw lights in the forest at around 3 am on 26 December 1980, and ground marks were examined after daybreak.

Where did this come from?
Source: Rendlesham Forest UFO case (main page), ianridpath.com. Locator: Timeline. Open the source. Evidence status: read in source. The cited source was read and says this. It was not independently checked against a primary record.
Official recordsecondary sources

Per Ian Ridpath, Suffolk police records released under FOI in 2005 say the only lights officers saw came from Orford lighthouse; Ridpath, citing police and forester Vince Thurkettle, says the marks looked like rabbit diggings.

Where did this come from?
Source: Ridpath, Suffolk police file page (quotes police letter), ianridpath.com. Locator: Suffolk police file. Open the source. Evidence status: secondary sources. Only secondary sources could be opened.

official explanation?

Read the full sample case: Rendlesham Forest

Origins & Belieftext first, readings after
What the text saysVerified factprimary checked

The same epic frames the labor as imposed by the seven great Anunnaki on the Igigi, who suffer under it.

Where did this come from?
Source: Livius.org, Epic of Atrahasis (ANET 104-106 page, adapted from B.R. Foster), Oracc, Univ. of Pennsylvania. Locator: Tablet I, ll. 5-6 (Oracc numbering); Livius numbers the same material differently. Open the source. Evidence status: primary checked. A primary or near-primary source was opened and supports this as worded. For "X said" claims, that confirms the attribution, not the thing X said.
A modern readingTheory / interpretationattribution only

Sitchin said the Anunnaki came to Earth about 450,000 years ago to obtain gold, which he said they needed to repair their planet's atmosphere.

Where did this come from?
Source: sitchin.com (official Sitchin site), sitchin.com (estate/proponent). Locator: The 12th Planet (1976); page unverified. Open the source. Evidence status: attribution only. Confirms who said it, not whether it is true.
Scholar saysVerified factsecondary sources

Texts treat Igigi and Anunnaki sometimes as the same and sometimes as separate; what separates them is unclear, and Marduk counts in both.

Where did this come from?
Source: Oracc AMGG, Igigi/Igigu entry, Oracc, Univ. of Pennsylvania. Open the source. Evidence status: secondary sources. Only secondary sources could be opened.

same word. three different kinds of statement.

Artist's reconstruction Arnold's chain as he described it. Shape from his own radio words; spacing is mine and not to scale. Original drawing made for this guide. Not a photograph, not evidence.
Documented testimonyread in source

Kenneth Arnold, a civilian pilot flying a CallAir A-2 light plane near Mount Rainier in Washington, reported seeing nine shiny objects in a chain stretching about five miles, shortly before 3 p.m. on June 24, 1947.

Where did this come from?
Source: 1947: The Year of the Flying Saucer, Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum. Locator: main text, paragraph on the sighting. Open the source. Evidence status: read in source. The cited source was read and says this. It was not independently checked against a primary record.

his words. not a photograph.

Scan of a typed FBI memorandum dated 22 March 1950
Government record Hottel memo, 22 March 1950. Real memo. It repeats a claim; it does not prove it. FBI (Guy Hottel memo), U.S. government. Public domain (U.S. federal government work). Via Wikimedia Commons.
Official recordread in source

In March 2013 the FBI said the memo was a second- or third-hand claim it never investigated, and that it proves nothing about UFOs.

Where did this come from?
Source: UFOs and the Guy Hottel Memo, Federal Bureau of Investigation (fbi.gov). Locator: full page. Open the source. Evidence status: read in source. The cited source was read and says this. It was not independently checked against a primary record.

third-hand?

Scan of the one-page Halt memorandum, Unexplained Lights, 13 January 1981
Government record Halt memo, 13 Jan 1981. Real memo. What Halt reported, in his words. Lt. Col. Charles I. Halt, U.S. Air Force. Public domain (U.S. federal government work). Via Wikimedia Commons.
Official recordread in source

The Halt memo, titled Unexplained Lights, is dated 13 January 1981 and written to the British base commander, who passed it to the MoD; a USAF-origin copy was released under US FOIA (case 97-F-1677) in September 1997.

Where did this come from?
Source: The Halt Memo - The Rendlesham Forest Incident, The Black Vault document archive. Locator: Document. Open the source. Evidence status: read in source. The cited source was read and says this. It was not independently checked against a primary record.

compare testimony.

Footage AARO release, South Asia 2023 (video, 7 s). Official release. Tap play. Muted, no audio. U.S. Department of Defense. Public domain (U.S. federal government work). Via Wikimedia Commons.

again?

Declassified CIA map of the Groom Lake area
Map CIA map of Groom Lake and the area. Real map of the place. It says nothing about what Lazar claims was there. CIA. Public domain (U.S. federal government work). Via Wikimedia Commons.

why here?

Official recordread in source

ODNI listed limits on its conclusions: little high-quality data, no standardized reporting before March 2019, stigma that discouraged aircrew from reporting, and sensors built for other missions.

Where did this come from?
Source: Preliminary Assessment: Unidentified Aerial Phenomena, ODNI. Locator: sections 'Available Reporting' and 'Collection Challenges'. Open the source. Evidence status: read in source. The cited source was read and says this. It was not independently checked against a primary record.

what is missing?

First page of a 1985 U.S. Air Force UFO fact sheet
Government record Air Force UFO fact sheet, August 1985. The Air Force's own tally: 12,618 reports, 701 left unexplained. U.S. Air Force (AFSINC), August 1985. Public domain (U.S. federal government work). Original on the Department of Defense FOIA reading room (esd.whs.mil). Via Wikimedia Commons, page 1 of 3.
Official recordread in source

The National Archives states that 12,618 sightings were reported to Project Blue Book between 1947 and 1969 and that 701 of them remain classed as unidentified.

Where did this come from?
Source: Project BLUE BOOK - Unidentified Flying Objects, NARA. Locator: opening paragraph. Open the source. Evidence status: read in source. The cited source was read and says this. It was not independently checked against a primary record.
Official recordprimary checked

The Air Force table shows 169 reports in 1951, a spike to 1,501 in 1952 (303 of them unidentified), then 509 in 1953.

Where did this come from?
Source: USAF 'UFO Sightings by Year' fact sheet, DoD ESD FOIA Reading Room (esd.whs.mil). Locator: table 'UFO Sightings by Year', 1951 to 1953 rows. Open the source. Evidence status: primary checked. A primary or near-primary source was opened and supports this as worded. For "X said" claims, that confirms the attribution, not the thing X said.

the 701. what are they?

Star chart of the sky around Zeta Reticuli
Modern chart, original art The sky around Zeta Reticuli. Modern star chart. Whether the match holds is argued. Drawn for this guide from Hipparcos catalogue star positions (data via the d3-celestial package). Not Betty Hill's sketch.
Verified factread in source

The state marker text says the couple experienced a close encounter and two hours of lost time while driving south on Route 3 near Lincoln.

Where did this come from?
Source: Sign Text for New Hampshire Landmark #224: Site of Betty and Barney Hill Incident, thebillbeaverproject.com. Locator: marker text. Open the source. Evidence status: read in source. The cited source was read and says this. It was not independently checked against a primary record.

match: argued.

Air Force photo of a test dummy in an insulation bag
Air Force explanation Dummy in an insulation bag. The Air Force's explanation, shown as it gave it. U.S. Air Force photo (credited as such in the report's fig. 41 caption), from The Roswell Report: Case Closed (USAF, 1997). U.S. federal government work, public domain. Via Wikimedia Commons.
Verified factread in source

On July 9 the Washington Post reported that at Fort Worth, weather officer Irving Newton identified the object as part of a weather balloon and that Gen. Roger Ramey, speaking on local radio, compared its construction to a box kite covered in tinfoil.

Where did this come from?
Source: AAF 'Flying Saucer' Merely Weather Box-Kite (Washington Post, July 9, 1947), The Washington Post (transcription on patrickgross.org). Locator: full article. Open the source. Evidence status: read in source. The cited source was read and says this. It was not independently checked against a primary record.
Locator map of New Mexico
Map New Mexico, July 1947. A locator map, not evidence. Drawn for this guide. State outline from U.S. Census Bureau boundary data (via the us-atlas package). Town positions approximate.

official explanation?

A source that proves someone said something never counts as proof that the thing they said is true.

Inside the handbook

Okay. Here is what the record supports, and how well.

Everything above is a cited record, an excerpt, or a labeled drawing, and each carries its source. The handbook is where it stops being a pile. Each case is broken into what is documented, what is only claimed, what is disputed and what skeptics say, and every statement carries two labels: a class, which says what kind of statement it is, and an evidence status, which says how far the checking got.

The classes

  • Verified fact

    An ordinary fact (date, place, name, event) confirmed by primary or strong sources.

  • Official record

    An official record or statement exists and says this. That shows what the record says, not that the content is true.

  • Documented testimony

    A named person's own account, documented in a source. The account is on record; its extraordinary content is not established.

  • Reported

    Reported by a secondary source; primary source not independently checked.

  • Allegation

    An accusation or serious claim that is not established.

  • Disputed

    Credible sources conflict.

  • Unverified

    No adequate source found. Kept, attributed, and flagged.

  • Theory / interpretation

    An explanation or hypothesis, including skeptical explanations. Not established fact.

  • Folklore / historical account

    A legend or later retelling of uncertain origin.

Ancient and religious material is labeled differently

An ancient text is evidence of what the text says. A later extraterrestrial reading of it is a separate, attributed idea. In Origins & Belief those stay apart.

  • What the text says

    What a source text itself says. Evidence of the text, not of any later interpretation of it.

  • A modern reading

    A later interpretation by a named author, such as an extraterrestrial reading of an old text. Attributed, not established.

  • Scholar says

    A named scholar or reference work on what the text, history or dating shows.

  • Science finds

    A finding from archaeology, genetics, physics or another empirical field.

  • History of the idea

    Who proposed, published or popularised the idea, and when.

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